NOD2 (Nucleotide-Binding Oligomerization Domain 2) Is a Major Pathogenic Mediator of Coxsackievirus B3-Induced Myocarditis

RT-PCR Detection of Coxsackievirus B3: A Viral Myocarditis

Backgrounds and Aims: Coxsakievirus B3 (CVB3), one of the six Coxsakievirus B serotypes, is a member of the Enterovirus genus within the Picornaviridae family. CVB3 is an important pathogen of viral myocarditis, which accounts for more than 50% of viral myocarditis cases. The genome of CVB3, like that of other Entroviruses, is a single-stranded, sense, polyadenylated RNA molecule with 7400 nucl...

CX3CR1 knockout aggravates Coxsackievirus B3-induced myocarditis

Studies on inflammatory disorders elucidated the pivotal role of the CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis with respect to the pathophysiology and diseases progression. Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3)-induced myocarditis is associated with severe cardiac inflammation, which may progress to heart failure. We therefore investigated the influence of CX3CR1 ablation in the model of acute myocarditis, which was induced by in...

Role of Nucleotide-binding and Oligomerization Domain 2 Protein (NOD2) in the Development of Atherosclerosis

NOD2 (nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain 2) was initially reported as a susceptibility gene for Crohn's disease, with several studies focused on elucidating its molecular mechanism in the progression of Crohn's disease. We now know that NOD2 is an intracellular bacterial sensing receptor, and that MDP-mediated NOD2 activation drives inflammatory signaling. Various mutations in NOD2 h...

Nucleotide-Binding Oligomerization Domain

Myocarditis Role of CD1d in Coxsackievirus B3-Induced